Financial Institution Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Banking Industry Crimes
financial Crimes, Fraud, and Investigation
The banking sector is a critical part of a country’s economy. This is more so the case given that … country’s economy. This is more so the case given that it is actively involved in the holding as well as management of diverse financial assets and the coordination of financial activities for the various other economic sectors. Although at the core of banking is holding of financial assets, other key activities include, but they are not limited to, commercial and personal banking services, insurance, etc. In that regard, therefore, banks … to ensure that the interests of various stakeholders in the banking sector are secured. The key stakeholders, from the perspective of a bank institution are inclusive of the government and the various regulatory agencies, customers, investors, employees, other institution in the financial services sector, etc. In seeking to promote transparency – both within and……
References
References
Albrecht, W.S., Albrecht, C.C., Albrecht, C.O. & Zimbelman, M.F. (2008). Fraud Examination (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.
Dionne, B. (2020). Regions Bank Teller Accused of Stealing Customer Identities Faces Felony Charges. Retrieved https://www.wbrc.com/2020/01/30/regions-bank-teller-accused-stealing-customer-identities-facing-felony-charges/
Golden, T.W., Skalak, S.L. & Clayton, M.M. (2006). A Guide to Forensic Accounting Investigation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Krancher, M., Riley, R. & Wells, T.J. (2010). Forensic Accounting and Fraud Examination. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Singleton, T.W., Singleton, A.J. & Bologna, R.J. (2006). Fraud Auditing and Forensic Accounting (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Zagaris, B. (2010). International White Collar Crime: Cases and Materials. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Study Document
Understanding The Factors Affecting The Success Of Credit Risk In
… companies and entrepreneurs. In the past decade, there have been dramatic changes concerning the management of risk in the banking industry. Progressively more financial institution and managers have augmented the focus on the significance of risk management. In delineation, risk management encompasses the practice of identifying, assessing and … and influence of disastrous events or to capitalize in the realization of prospects (Gizaw, Kebede, and Selvaraj, 2015).
The power and supremacy of financial establishments, particularly commercial banks, to generate money is of great significance in business operations. These banks operate as financial intermediaries within any economic setting and they are key providers of financial credit to both the corporate and household sectors. Credit risk is basically the likelihood that a borrower in a financial institution or a counterparty will end up failing to meet its obligations in line with the consented terms and conditions. In general, credit risk ………
References
References
Bhattarai, Y. R. (2016). Effect of credit risk on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks. NRB Economic Review, 28(1), 41-64.
Das, A. and Ghosh, S. (2007). Determinants of Credit Risk in Indian State-owned Banks: An Empirical Investigation. Economic Issues, 12(2): 48-66.
Derelio?lu, G., & Gürgen, F. (2011). Knowledge discovery using neural approach for SME’s credit risk analysis problem in Turkey. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(8), 9313-9318
Garr, D. K. (2013). Determinants of credit risk in the banking industry of Ghana. Developing Country Studies, 3(11), 64-77.
Gizaw, M., Kebede, M., & Selvaraj, S. (2015). The impact of credit risk on profitability performance of commercial banks in Ethiopia. African Journal of Business Management, 9(2), 59-66.
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches. New York: Sage.
Kithinji, A. M. (2010). Credit risk management and profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Limam, I. (2001). Measuring technical efficiency of Kuwaiti banks. Kuwait: Arab Planning Institute.
Study Document
How Interest Rates Compare Over The Last Decade Within The United
… on the inherent risk of a consumer, credit card rates determine how much an individual must pay on a month basis to the financial institution. Corporations looking to borrow funds to expand their market share must consider the variable interest rates being changed and their ability to service … by individual investors, general consumers, and corporations. Banks in particular are heavily influenced by the change in interest rates as they operate as financial intermediaries between consumers and business. As a result, they often focus keenly on what interest rates may likely look like in the future … viability of the franchise (Stock, J.H. and Watson, M.W, 2007).
Banks play a vital role in the overall economy. They act as a financial intermediary between savers and borrowers. The often help to match investors (those looking to deploy capital into investments) with business enterprises (those looking … borrower to finance a……
References
References
1. Goodhard, C and E Perotti, 2008 “Maturity mismatch stretching: Banking has taken a wrong turn”, CEPR Policy Insight 81, 6-July
2. Holston, Laubach, and Williams. 2017. “Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest: International Trends and Determinants,” Journal of International Economics 108, supplement 1 (May): S39–S75
3. Laubach and Williams. 2003. “Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest,” Review of Economics and Statistics 85, no.4 (November): 1063-70.
4. Rachel, L. and Smith, T.D., 2017. Are low real interest rates here to stay?. International Journal of Central Banking, 13(3), pp.1-42.
5. Schularick, M, and A M Taylor, (2009), “Credit Booms Gone Bust: Monetary Policy, Leverage Cycles and Financial Crises, 1870-2008”, NBER DP 15512
6. Stock, J.H. and Watson, M.W., 2007. Why has US inflation become harder to forecast?. Journal of Money, Credit and banking, 39, pp.3-33
Study Document
Investing Overseas Market Entry Decision Making
… they will find that Europe has robust legal systems, the opportunity to employ a land and expand strategy, access to capital markets and financial institution, along with plentiful potential partners or acquisitions in most fields. The member nations of the European Union are sufficiently sophisticated to handle any … similar market like the UK or Ireland makes expansion into the EU a viable choice. If all other factors are equal, Europe’s robust financial markets, mature market structures and legal regime all make a strong case for expanding into the EU rather than outside of it.
2. … a strong competitive move for KFC, and allowed it to capture substantial market share in a lot of countries around the world.
5. financial institution might prefer to provide credit in financial markets outside of their country because they want to gain the benefits of diversification. In general, each country has its……
References
References
CE Intelligence. (2019) EU – market entry strategies. CE Intelligence.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from http://www.ceintelligence.com/content_manager/contentPages/view/eu-market-entry-strategies
Chapman, K. & Edmond, H. (2010) Mergers/acquisitions and restructuring in the EU chemical industry: Patterns and implications. Regional Studies. Vol. 34 (8) 753-767
Conyon, M., Girma, S., Thompson, S. & Wright, P. (2003) The productivity and wage effects of foreign acquisitions in the United Kingdom. The Journal of Industrial Economics. Vol. 50 (1) 85-102.
EF.com (2019) English proficiency index. EF.com. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.ef.com/wwen/epi/
Export.gov (2019) European Union – market entry strategy. Export.gov. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.export.gov/article?id=European-union-Market-Entry-Strategy
Girma, S. (2002) The process of European integration and the determinants of entry by non-EU multinationals in UK manufacturing. DOI:10.1111/1467-9957.00305
Girma, S. (2005) Technology transfer from acquisition FDI and the absorptive capacity of domestic firms: An empirical investigation. Open Economies Review. Vol. 16 (2) 175-187.
Lamson, M. (2016) 5 things you need to know before doing business in Europe. Inc. Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2019 from https://www.inc.com/melissa-lamson/5-things-you-need-to-know-before-doing-business-in-europe.html
Study Document
Self Regulation Proposal
… 2008). Omarova (2011) describes the problematic nature of third-party regulation best in our industry: “Given the complexity and global nature of the modern financial market, any government's attempt to regulate it in a purely unilateral command-and-control manner will inevitably encounter the fundamental problem of regulatory arbitrage, whereby … market, any government's attempt to regulate it in a purely unilateral command-and-control manner will inevitably encounter the fundamental problem of regulatory arbitrage, whereby financial institution find new ways to get around government rules, thus creating a never-ending spiral of rulemaking and rule evading” (Omarova, 2011, p. 416). With … in many cases these fines do not cover the losses caused by the offending firm’s actions—nor are they more than a wrist-slap in financial terms (Greene & Odorski, 2015). The Fair Funds provision of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) was meant to ensure that fines were placed into ……
References
References
Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckey, R. P. (2016). FinTech, RegTech, and the reconceptualization of financial regulation. Nw. J. Int'l L. & Bus., 37, 371.
Arnone, M., & Padoan, P. C. (2008). Anti-money laundering by international institutions: a preliminary assessment. European Journal of Law and Economics, 26(3), 361-386.
Greene, E., & Odorski, C. (2015). SEC enforcement in the financial sector: addressing
Omarova, S. T. (2010). Rethinking the future of self-regulation in the financial industry. Brook. J. Int'l L., 35, 665.post-crisis criticism. Bus. L. Int'l, 16, 5.
Omarova, S. T. (2011). Wall street as community of fate: Toward financial industry self-regulation. University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 159(2), 411-492.
Pritchard, A. C. (2003). Self-regulation and securities markets. Regulation, 26, 32.
Study Document
Federal Reserve Operations And Market Impact
… is the feds funds rate Federal Reserve, 2017).
For example, at the culmination of the 2013 fiscal year, the central bank necessitated banking institution to maintain reserves equivalent to zero percent of the initial $13.3 million in the bank deposits. Secondly, the banks were necessitated by the ……
References
References
Brandl, M. (2020). Money, banking, financial markets & institutions. New York: Cengage Learning.
Federal Reserve Education. (n.d). Monetary Policy Basics. Retrieved from: https://www.federalreserveeducation.org/about-the-fed/structure-and-functions/monetary-policy
Federal Reserve. (2017). Monetary Policy Tools. Retrieved from: https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bsd-monetary-policy-tools-201711.htm
Lumen Learning. (n.d). Macroeconomics: How a Central Bank Executes Monetary Policy. Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-macroeconomics/chapter/tools-of-monetary-policy/
Study Document
The Government S Economic Policies Effect Good Or Bad Economy
… by increasing the prices of their goods and services.
Recommendation
Past performance shows that monetary policy influences the economy. All through the 2007-2008 financial crisis, the Federal Reserve dropped its target for the federal funds rate to zero percent (Labonte, 2020). The Fed's also created special forms … target for the federal funds rate to zero percent (Labonte, 2020). The Fed's also created special forms of loans to banks and other financial institution. These actions were successful as the recession ended in 2009. However, the economy is still recovering slowly. In the future, Congress should enact … the discount rate to stabilize the economy. Their goal is to maintain price stability and maximum employment. The Fed's actions during the 2007-2009 financial crisis are evidence that monetary policy influences the economy. They were……
References
References
Federal Reserve. (2020, March 15). Federal open market committee. Retrieved March 30, 2020, from https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomccalendars.htm
Labonte, M. (2020). Monetary policy and the Federal Reserve: Current policy and conditions (RL30354). Retrieved from Congressional Research Service website: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL30354.pdf
Madimutsa, C. (2008). The Policy Formulation Process. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336927323_The_Policy_Formulation_Proce ss
McGraw-Hill Education. (n.d.). The role of government. Retrieved from https://www.jasonsclassroom.com/social-studies/cc-basics/chapter-5/lesson-5.3/
Suman, S. (2015, October 26). Monetary policy: Objectives, advantages, and disadvantages. Retrieved from https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/monetary-policy/advantages/monetary-policy-objectives-advantages-and-disadvantages/12768
Study Document
COVID 19 In South Africa Nigeria And Swaziland
Literature Review on Coping Through The Use Of Informal institution during COVID 19 in South Africa, Nigeria, and Swaziland
The institution theory deals with the outlines, regulations, standards, and procedures that are formulated in the institution as commanding instructions for social behavior. This theory gives an understanding of how institution are shaped, and the societal norms and frameworks are informed to all people of an organization. Communication is the sole indicator of how … in what way people are obeying them. This would ultimately build an organizational culture for coping with social and political issues. The informal institution are socially shared instructions, typically unwritten, that are formed, transferred and imposed outside the official boundaries (Torniainen & Sasstamoinen, 2007), for example, giving … and imposed outside the official boundaries (Torniainen & Sasstamoinen, 2007), for example, giving tips to the food delivery man is now an informal institution, which is actually not……
References
References
Coelho, A. (2019). The role of informal institutions in the enforcement of rules and how to improve corporate and public governance in Brazil: Studies based on a set of corporate governance cases involving state-owned companies (Working Paper). Retrieved from SSRN website https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3434037
Dacin, M.T., Goodstein, J. & Scott, W.R. (2002). Institutional theory and institutional change: Introduction to the special research forum. Academy of Management Journal, 45(1), 45- 47. DOI: 10.2307/3069284
Escandon-Barbosa, D.M., Urbano, D., Hurtado-Ayala, A., Paramo, J.S. & Dominguez, A.Z. (2019). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and entrepreneurial activity: A comparative relationship between rural and urban areas in Colombia. Journal of Urban Management, 8(3), 458-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.06.002
Estrin, S. & Prevezer, M. (2010). The role of informal institutions in corporate governance: Brazil, Russia, India, and China compared. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 28, 41- 67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-010-9229-1
Kaufmann, W., Hooghiemstra, R. & Feeney, M.K. (2018). Formal institutions, informal institutions, and red tape: A comparative study. Public Administration, 96(2), 386-403. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12397
Meluch, A.L. (2016, August). Understanding the organizational and institutional origins of social support in a cancer support center. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=kent1466944822&disposition=inline
Torniainen, T.J. & Sasstamoinen, O.J. (2007). Formal and informal institutions and their hierarchy in the regulation of the forest lease in Russia. Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, 80(5), 489-501. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpm033
Study Document
The Rising Cost Of Public Education In United States
… made it harder for color and lower-income student to enroll in these colleges. There are numerous benefits for enrolling in the best educational institution after the students are graduated that mainly includes higher incomes. Still, it puts pressure on those students whose households are earning low. With … costs (Hess “The Cost of College Increased”).
The three causes for the rise in the cost of public education in the US are financial aids from the government and educational institutes, sticker price and price discrimination, and cost increment due to management issues. The consequences of this … the US. The 41 states naming Arizona, Hawaii, Georgia, Alabama, and Colorado, etc. spent less than 13 percent on students of the educational institution (see attached figure). After the depression, the government had to fund the public institution and the students for better educational provisions. For that, funding increased more than 60 percent,……
References
Works Cited
Amour, Madeline. “Report: living expenses, not tuition, are the problem.” Inside Higher Ed, 13 May 2020, https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/05/13/living-expenses-are-larger- barrier-students-tuition-report-finds. Accessed 30 Jul. 2020.
Cude, Katherine. The Rising Cost Of Tuition At Four Year Public Universities: A Comparison Of The Explanations Offered By The Academic Literature And University Decision Makers. 2016. University of Vermont, Undergraduate theses. Scholar Works, https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&context=castheses
Davidson, Adam. “Is College Tuition Really Too High?” The New York Times Magazine, 8 Sep. 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/13/magazine/is-college-tuition-too-high.html . Accessed 30 Jul. 2020.
Desrochers, Donna, and Kirshstein, Rita. Labor Intensive or Labor Expensive? 2014. American Institutes for Research, Delta Cost Project. Lumina Foundation, https://www.luminafoundation.org/files/resources/deltacostair-labor-expensive-higher- education-staffing-brief-feb2014.pdf
Dickler, Jessica. “Why College Tuition Keeps Rising.” CNBC, 24 Oct. 2019, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/24/why-college-tuition-keeps-rising.html, Accessed 30 Jul. 2020.
Hemelt, Steven, and Marcotte, Dave. Rising Tuition And Enrollment In Public Higher Education. 2008. IZA, Discussion Paper. IZA, http://ftp.iza.org/dp3827.pdf
Hemelt, Steven, and Marcotte, Dave. “The Impact of Tuition Increases on Enrollment at Public Colleges and Universities.” Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, vol. 33, no. 4, Dec. 2011, pp. 435-457.
Hess, Abigail. “The Cost of College Increased by More Than 25% In the Last 10 Years- Here’s Why.” CNBC, 13 Dec. 2019, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/13/cost-of-college- increased-by-more-than-25percent-in-the-last-10-years.html. Accessed 30 Jul. 2020.
Study Document
Higher Education Labor Rights Faculty Tenure
… secure position, an “indefinite appointment” at an institute of higher learning (AAUP, 2019, p. 1). Of course, extenuating circumstances may enable the educational institution to sever the contract and terminate the tenured faculty. One of those extenuating circumstances would be financial exigency: an unavoidable and unfortunate situation in which the institution experiences severe budget shortfalls and must completely reconsider reallocating resources in order to remain viable at all. A similar extenuating circumstance that may … at all. A similar extenuating circumstance that may legally permit the termination of a tenured faculty member would be the restructuring of the institution to the degree that whole departments were eliminated, thus eliminating all associated faculty within that department. Other extenuating circumstances that would legally permit … the degree that whole departments were eliminated, thus eliminating all associated faculty within that department. Other extenuating circumstances that would legally permit the institution to terminate……
References
References
Alleman, N.F. & Haviland, D. (2017). “I expect to be engaged as an equal”: collegiality expectations of full-time, non-tenure-track faculty members. High Educ (2017) 74: 527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-016-0062-4
American Association of University Professors (AAUP 2019). Tenure. Retrieved from: https://www.aaup.org/issues/tenure
Curnalia, R. M. L., & Mermer, D. (2018). Renewing our commitment to tenure, academic freedom, and shared governance to navigate challenges in higher education. Review of Communication, 18(2), 129–139.doi:10.1080/15358593.2018.1438645
Eastman, N. J., & Boyles, D. (2015). In defense of academic freedom and faculty governance: John Dewey, the 100th anniversary of the AAUP, and the Threat of Corporatization
Mitchell, M., Palacios, V. & Leachman, M. (2015). States are still funding higher education below pre-recession levels. Journal of Collective Bargaining in the Academy, April 2015, Article 71. Retrieved from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1524&context=jcba
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