Study Document
...Gender identity War on Drugs Futile Failing and Nefariously Linked to the War on Terror
Effectiveness of the War on Drugs
Outline
I. Introduction
A. History of drugs, cross-cultural perspective
1. Opium wars
2. Since Nixon, the modern “war on drugs”
3. History of drug use in different societies
B. History of government intervention in the private lives of individuals via drug policy.
C. Effects of the war on drugs
1. Is it effective? Quantify the deaths related to the WOD, as well as the social entropy in communities, families, and within individuals
2. Criminalization distracting attention from more central concerns linked to capitalism, psychological wellbeing, and healthcare.
3. National sovereignty issues and global perspective
II. Theoretical Discussion
A. Race, class, power perspectives
B. Government, public policy, global affairs
C. Criminalization, justice
D. Other sociological issues
1. Organized crime and terrorism
2. White collar crime (tobacco and pharmaceutical industries)
III. Literature Review……
References
ACLU (2020). Against drug prohibition. Retrieved from: https://www.aclu.org/other/against-drug-prohibition
“America is At War,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://web.stanford.edu/class/e297c/poverty_prejudice/paradox/htele.html
Bambauer, J. Y. (2012). How the war on drugs distorts privacy law. Stanford Law Review 62(2012). Retrieved from: https://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/how-the-war-on-drugs-distorts-privacy-law/
Benson, B.L., Kim., I., Rasmussen, D.W., et al. (1992, 2006). Is property crime caused by drug use or by drug enforcement policy? Applied Economics 24(7): 679-692.
Best, D., Irving, J. & Albertson, K. (2016). Recovery and desistance: what the emerging recovery movement in the alcohol and drug area can learn from models of desistance from offending. Addiction Research & Theory 25(1): 1-10.
Coomber, R., Moyle, L., Belackova, V., et al. (2018). The burgeoning recognition and accommodation of the social supply of drugs in international criminal justice systems: An eleven-nation comparative overview. International Journal of Drug Policy 58(2018): 98-103.
Coyne, C.J. & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four decades and counting. CATO Institute. Retrieved from: https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/four-decades-counting-continued-failure-war-drugs
Farabee, D., Prendergast, M. & Anglin, M.D. (1998). The effectiveness of coerced treatment for drug-abusing offenders. 62 Fed. Probation 3 (1998).
Study Document
… which were liberated slaves. Religion can be a means to oppress or to liberate the peasantry, and is a potent form of cultural identity construction. For example, voodoo in Haiti is central to culture, custom, and identity. The peasnatry adapted the religion of the oppressor to serve their own needs, and to resist their African traditions from being subsumed by ……
Works Cited
Dubois, Laurent. “Fire in the Cane,” in Avengers of the New World, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Geggus, David. “The Caribbean in the Age of Revolution.”
Godreau, Isar P., Cruz, Mariolga Reyes, Ortiz, Mariluz, et al. “The Lessons of Slavery: Discourses of Slavery, Mestizaje, and Blanqueamiento in an Elementary School in Puerto Rico.” American Ethnologist, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2008, pp. 115-135.
Laguerre, Michael. “The Place of Voodoo in the Social Structure of Haiti.” Caribbean Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 3, 1973, pp. 36-50.
Mintz, Sidney Three Ancient Colonies: Caribbean Themes and Variations, Harvard University Press, 2012.
Safa, Helen. “The Matrifocal Family and Patriarchal Ideology in Cuba and the Caribbean,” Journal of Latin American Anthropology, Vol. 10, No.2, 2005.
Stinchcombe, Arthur. “Planter power, Freedom, and Oppression of Slaves in 18th century Caribbean”, from Sugar Island Slavery in the Age of Enlightenment, Princeton University Press, pp. 125-158.
Stinchcombe, Arthur. “Race as a Social Boundary: Free Colored versus Slaves and Blacks,” from Sugar Island Slavery in the Age of Enlightenment, Princeton University Press, pp. 159-172.
Study Document
… started seeing the world as full of two types of people: those who wear the mask and those who do not. Using Social identity Theory (SIT) can help to explain why I look at the world in this manner. SIT posits that individuals develop a sense of … based on their group membership. So if a person belongs to a group, like a counter-culture group such as punk rockers, the person’s identity and sense of self will be shaped by his sense of belonging to that group. A Communist’s sense of identity will stem from his belonging to the Communist Party. However, identity can also be formed by seeing what one is not—i.e., not a member of another group, which is typically viewed as less favorable … suggest why some individuals could be more vulnerable” to attacks from other groups (p. 11). With this in mind, the concept of……
Works Cited
Branch, S., Shallcross, L., Barker, M., Ramsay, S., & Murray, J. P. (2018). Theoretical Frameworks That Have Explained Workplace Bullying: Retracing Contributions Across the Decades. Concepts, Approaches and Methods, 1-44.
Hilton, J. L., & Von Hippel, W. (1996). Stereotypes. Annual review of psychology, 47(1), 237-271.
McLeod, S. (2008) Social Identity Theory. Simply Psychology. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/social-identity-theory.html
Study Document
… considered ungodly to practice sexual orientation by the homosexuals (Rzeznik, 1993)
Some believe that heterosexuality is locked within the people; it's just their gender insecurities, which causes them to be homosexual, thus involving in a more masculine act for males like football can resolve this (Rzeznik, 1993). … as being sinful and shameful, causing a homophobic mindset which has given birth to violence against homosexuals for several years due to their identity (Dworkin, 2002). Not just the homosexuals are targeted, but the activists have also been targeted with extreme violence (Dworkin, 2002). Even in other ……
References
Dworkin, S. H. (2002). LGBT Identity, Violence, and Social Justice: The Psychological is Political.
Fitzsimons, T. (2018, October 19). LGBTQ History Month: Early pioneers of the gay rights movement. NBC News.
History. (2020, April 03). Gay Rights.
Meyer, I. H. (2007, November 09). Prejudice, Social Stress, and Mental Health in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Populations: Conceptual Issues and Research Evidence.
Roth, K. (2015, January 23). LGBT: Moving Towards Equality. World Economic Forum.
Rzeznik, F. (Director). (1993 ). One Nation Under God [Motion Picture].
Study Document
… meaning, adding tremendous weight to the differentiation between the sacred and profane aspects of life. Ultimately, myth is integral to the construction of identity, ethos, and ontology.
Myth becomes central to the construction of identity. In his analysis of Melanesian culture, for example, Malinowski shows how myth informs all the other dimensions of life that give purpose and … structure to the society: aspects like morality and how to navigate ethical complexities. Myth is the basis for externalized activities that also define identity or membership in the community. Ritual is the best example, including the rituals that comprise initiation rites or rites of passage. Anthropologists work … that of sociology, too, showing how the content of a culture’s sacred stories and myths have a strong bearing on the construction of gender roles and norms in a society. Myth also contributes to the construction of identity in that it forms……
Bibliography
Eliade Mircea. “Myth.”
Eller, Jack David. “Studying Religion Anthropologically.”
Lee, Dorothy. “Religious Perspectives in Anthropology.”
Lewis, M. “The Anthropologists’ Encounter with the Supernatural.”
Malinowski, Bronislaw. “Rational Mastery by Man of His Surroundings\\\\"
Nash, June. \\\\"Devils, Witches and Sudden Death\\\\"
Turner, Victor W. “Religious Specialists.”
Study Document
… and vision, the Equal Opportunity Program exists “to ensure fair treatment for military personnel, family members and civilians without regard to race, color, gender, religion, age, disability or national origin,” (United States Army, 2014, p. 1). Because of the destructive power of discrimination on organizational culture, the ……
References
“The Army Values,” (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.army.mil/values/
Daft, R. L. (2016). Organization Theory & Design (12th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Morgan, G. (2006). Images of organization. Sage Publications, Inc
Schein, E. H. (1992). Organizational Culture and Leadership. 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
United States Army (2014). Army equal opportunity program. Retrieved from: https://www.army.mil/standto/archive_2014-03-21/
Study Document
… in her own work. These women helped shape but were also shaped by their cultures. This paper will explain how that happened, how gender roles impacted their creativity, how their creativity made important contributions to culture in their own era and how their contributions reverberated to different … because of her skill and craft—and the fact that she painted according to the norms of her times.
For Wollstonecraft, the narrowly defined gender roles and images of her times are what prompted her to fight back and write her Vindication of the Rights of Women (Jones, ……
References
Chisholm, H. (1911). Sophonisba Angussola. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 44.
Jones, E. M. (2000). Libido dominandi: Sexual liberation and political control. South Bend, IN: St. Augustine’ Press.
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Study Document
… as follows: (1) performance expectancy, (2) effort expectancy, (3) social influence, and (4) facilitating conditions as well as four moderators (1) age, (2) gender, (3) experience, and (4) voluntariness that can facilitate the analysis of behavioral intention levels to actually use a new technology, generally in organizational ……
References
Ahamed, J., & Rajan, A.V. (2016). Internet of Things (IoT): Application systems and security vulnerabilities. 2016 5th International Conference on Electronic Devices, Systems and Applications (ICEDSA), 1-5.
Aishah, S., Sahandi, R., Prakoonwit, S., & Khan, W. (2019). Big data and IoT opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In Handbook of Research on Big data and the IoT. doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7432-3.ch005
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Study Document
...Gender identity Right and Left Wing Terror Groups in America
1
Extremism in the U.S. is on the rise, based on the rise in polarization throughout the country as the Left and the Right become more and more opposed to one another ideologically, politically, socially, and emotionally. There is a strong rift between the two and little sense of common ground. Much of this rise has come on the heels of the rise in social media use, which allows individuals to promote their views to the rest of the world in a way that was literally unheard of prior to the digital revolution (Freberg, Graham, McGaughey & Freberg, 2011). As social media use has essentially risen exponentially since its inception in the 2000s, the level of ideologically-driven Influencers in the space is a reflection and facilitator of the level of extremism in the United States.
As both the popularity of groups like……
References
Barnett, B. A. (2015). 20 Years Later: A Look Back at the Unabomber Manifesto. Perspectives on Terrorism, 9(6), 60-71.
Beinart, P. (2017). The rise of the violent left. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/09/the-rise-of-the-violent-left/534192/
Chatfield, A. T., Reddick, C. G., & Brajawidagda, U. (2015, May). Tweeting propaganda, radicalization and recruitment: Islamic state supporters multi-sided twitter networks. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp. 239-249).
Costello, M., & Hawdon, J. (2018). Who are the online extremists among us? Sociodemographic characteristics, social networking, and online experiences of those who produce online hate materials. Violence and gender, 5(1), 55-60.
DeCook, J. R. (2018). Memes and symbolic violence:# proudboys and the use of memes for propaganda and the construction of collective identity. Learning, Media and Technology, 43(4), 485-504.
Freberg, K., Graham, K., McGaughey, K., & Freberg, L. A. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90-92.
Hamm, M &Spaaj, R. (2015). Lone wolf terrorism in America: Using knowledge of radicalization pathways to forge prevention strategies. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/248691.pdf
Klein, A. (2019). From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication, 13, 22.
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… that at least half of the world’s population will be using these services by mid-2021 (Kemp 2020). Although people of all ages and gender are using social media, young people in particular have embraced these communication platforms in a major way, with a majority of these consumers ……
Works Cited
Ali, S. (2018). “Social Media Usage among Teenage Girls in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.” Global Media Journal, vol. 16, p. 31.
Chukwuere, Joshua Ebere and Chukwuere, Precious. (2017, December). Cyberbullying of female students: An exploration of literature study. Gender & Behaviour, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 9983-9991.
Goodwin, Robin, Palgi,Yuval, Osnat, Lavenda, Yaira, Hamama-Raz and Ben-Ezra, Menachem. (2015), “Association between Media Use, Acute Stress Disorder and Psychological Distress.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 253-254
Granello, Paul F. and Zyromski, Brett. (2018, September-August). “Developing a Comprehensive School Suicide Prevention Program.” Professional School Counseling, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 37-42.
Hutchinson, Tracy S. (2020, April 19). Ten things mentally strong people do during a pandemic. Psychology Today. [online] available: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-pulse-mental-health/202004/10-things-mentally-strong-people-do-during-pandemic.
Kemp. Simon. (2020, January). “Digital 2020.” We Are Social. [online] available: https://wearesocial.com/blog/2020/01/digital-2020-3-8-billion-people-use-social-media.
Redden, Crystal V. (2018, December). “The Media\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Influence on Female Relational Aggression and Its Implications for Schools.” Canadian Journal of Education, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 374-381.
Reinberg, Steven. (2019, August 14). “Here\\\\\\\\\\\\'s How Too Much Social Media Can Harm Girls.” WebMD. [online] available: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/news/20190814/ heres-how-too-much-social-media-can-harm-girls#1.
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