Study Document
Operation Ajax
The war was triggered by the Anglo-Iranian crisis of 1951 to 1953. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company was largely viewed as a colonial influence bent on … and bloodshed – the Siyer-Tir on July 21, Mohammad Mossadeq, was granted powers to appoint the chiefs of staff and the minister for war. The British noticed a chance to depose the premier from the differences between the Shah and the government. 18 Nevertheless, Mohammad Mossadeq was … in a coup, but Truman had earlier rebuffed the idea. However, when Eisenhower took charge of the American nation, he was determined to war any communist advances by the Soviet Union. He, therefore, ordered the CIA to pursue the secret overthrowing of a foreign government. The aim … was denied by the coup.
The thinking patterns exhibited by the coup engineers do not fundamentally differ from the view that the so-called war on terror……
References
Contini, C. (2013). A Realistic View on Iran: International relations and Global Politics. GRIN Verlag.
De Seve, M. (2020). Operation Ajax: The Story of the CIA Coup that Remade the Middle East. Verso Books.
Fowler, R. (2018). More Than a Doctrine: The Eisenhower Era in the Middle East. U of Nebraska Press.
Lee, C. T. (2013). A Cold War Narrative: The Covert Coup of Mohammad Mossadeq, Role of the U.S. Press and Its Haunting Legacies. Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT. http://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/300
Levin, Y. A. (2018). Operation Ajax in the CIA analytics: colonial knowledge in postcolonial age. Samara Journal of Science, 7(2), 200-203.
Luce, D. D. (2017, September 20). The specter of operation AJAX. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2003/aug/20/foreignpolicy.iran
Merica, D., & Hanna, J. (2013). In declassified document, CIA acknowledges role in\\\\\\'53 Iran Coup. CNN News. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
Roosevelt, K. (1979). Countercoup, the Struggle for the Control of Iran. McGraw-Hill Companies.
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… would be devastating.
Non-state actors are just as likely as state actors to strike at the US, especially considering the age of proxy war that have begun since 9/11, with various groups of mercenaries essentially fighting war for host nations. war may thus be trigged by a wider war among nations; or it may occur as a result of retaliation—blowback for American “adventurism” abroad, as some foreign nations see it. Regardless, an … actors that it patronizes and can outsource an attack to. Much of the Arab community in the Middle East appears to harbor resentment war the U.S. after two decades of war.
One question that one might ask is this: would the threat of cyber terrorism and cyber war upon the nation’s energy infrastructure be as great or exist at all if the U.S. were not so insistent upon attacking the energy … stake.
A question to……
References
Chatfield, A. T., Reddick, C. G., & Brajawidagda, U. (2015, May). Tweeting propaganda, radicalization and recruitment: Islamic state supporters multi-sided twitter networks. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research (pp. 239-249).
Christenson, G. (2015). CBRN response. National Guard Bureau.
Freberg, K., Graham, K., McGaughey, K., & Freberg, L. A. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90-92.
Garellek, A. (2016, March 4). The ISIS WMD Threat. The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/middle-east/isis-wmd-threat
Jennings, P. (2006). Miami port poses serious risks. Retrieved from https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=131634&page=1
Johnston, W.R. (2016, November 30). Summary of historical attacks using chemical or biological weapons. The Johnston Archive. Retrieved from http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/terrorism/chembioattacks.html
Klein, A. (2019). From Twitter to Charlottesville: Analyzing the Fighting Words Between the Alt-Right and Antifa. International Journal of Communication, 13, 22.
Maras, M-H. (2014). Transnational Security. Florida: CRC Press.
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… millions of African Americans and American Indians. The interest of justice compel modern lawmakers to take these wrongdoings into account as the move war as a nation of like-minded peoples. Indeed, it would be enormously difficult or even impossible to single out living descendants of those responsible … Indeed, it would be enormously difficult or even impossible to single out living descendants of those responsible for genocidal actions during the Indian war. Moreover, if reparations were paid to American Indians, it would leave the door wide open for descendents of Americans, most especially women that ……
References
Bradford, W. (2004). Beyond reparations: An American Indian theory of justice. Ohio State Law Journal.
Flavin, F. E. (2002, Winter). A pox on Amherst: Smallpox, Sir Jeffery, and a town named Amherst. Historical Journal of Massachusetts, 30(1), 1-5.
Forrester, K. (2019). Reparations, history and the origins of global justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Gilmore, B. & Adams, H. (2019). The case for a reparations clinic. Michigan State Law Review.
Howard-Hassmann, R. E. (2004). Reparations to Africa and the group of eminent persons. Cahiers d’étudesafricaines.
Lenzerini, F. (2007). Reparations for indigenous peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lockhart, P. (2019, June 19). The 2020 Democratic primary debate over reparations, explained. Vox. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/11/18246741/ reparations-democrats-2020-inequality-warren-harris-castro.
Loewen, J. W. (1995). Lies my teacher told me. New York: The New Press.
Study Document
… to provide a systematic and critical review of the relevant juried, scholarly and governmental literature about the Ebola virus disease to create an war manual that is targeted at educating Nigerian citizens concerning this disease. A secondary purpose of this study is to identify gaps in the … Ebola outbreaks in order to recommend further areas of study.
An effective preparedness strategy for future Ebola Virus Disease outbreak in Nigeria: Public war Approach
Chapter One: Introduction
Statement of the problem
In spite of increasingly aggressive efforts to identify a cure for the Ebola virus disease … was to provide a systematic and critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly and governmental literature concerning Ebola in order to develop an war manual for educating the Nigerian citizen on Ebola virus disease. A secondary purpose of this study was to identify any gaps in the … the World Health Organization, took……
References
Allam, M. F. (2014, September). Ebola hemorrhagic fever: Case fatality rate 90%? Central European Journal of Public Health 22(3), 207-210.
Allam, M. F. & Vonka, V. (2015, March). Ebola virus disease: Temperature checks for travelers? Central European Journal of Public Health, 23(1), 84.
Brand, J. E. & Stela, D. (2014, October). Ebola is here: Knowledge, identification, and appropriate infection control are key. American Nurse Today, 9(10), 37-39.
Brown, G. (2015, Winter). Ebola in America: An epidemic or a pandemic? ABNF Journal, 26(1), 3-5.
Ebola. (2019). Doctors without Borders. Retrieved from https://www.doctorswithout borders.org/what-we-do/medical-issues/ebola.
Ebola outbreak. (2019). U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/history/2014-2016-outbreak/index.html .
Ebola virus disease. (2019). U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/index.html .
Hancock, M. (2019, September). After Ebola. African Business, 422, 56-58.
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… future.
Introduction
Intelligence and counterintelligence operations have always been a part of the American Republic (Federation of American Scientists 1996). General Washington was war of the threat of foreign espionage and the need to counter it (Wettering 2000, 165). The need to deceive those whose intention is … anger, frustration and mistrust (Valetine 2016, 23; Wettering 2000, 165). To some degree, the nation has never recovered from the stresses of the post-war climate that birthed the counterintelligence program in America (Valentine 2016, 9). When Director Colby dismissed Angleton from his position as head of counterintelligence … the work was coordinated by the CIA.
William Evanina, director of the National Counterintelligence and Security Center, has gone so far as to war that the challenge of counterintelligence is no longer one the government can address on its own, that the private sector must bear some … burden and weight of protecting……
Reference List
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35.2 (2012), 77-99.
Bartos, C. and P. Wehr. 2002. Using conflict theory. UK: University of Cambridge.
Bellaby, Ross. "What's the Harm? The Ethics of Intelligence Collection." Intelligence and National Security 27, no. 1 (2012): 93-117.
Church Committee. “Final report of the Select committee to study governmental operations With respect to Intelligence activities United states senate Together with Additional, supplemental, and separate Views.” Intelligence.senate.gov, 1976. https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/94755_I.pdf
Coyne, John, Peter Bell, and Shannon Merrington. "Exploring ethics in intelligence and the role of leadership." Interntional Journal of Business and Commerce 2, no. 10 (2013): 27-37.
Erskine, Toni. "'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering." Intelligence & National Security 19, no. 2 (2004): 359-381.
Nakashima, Ellen. “Top counterintelligence official challenges the private sector to step up defenses against foreign spying.” Washington Post, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/top-counterintelligence-official-challenges-the-private-sector-to-step-up-defenses-against-foreign-spying/2020/02/10/d842d83c-4c15-11ea-9b5c-eac5b16dafaa_story.html Pfaff, T., & Tiel, J. R. (2004). The ethics of espionage. Journal of Military Ethics, 3(1), 1-15.
Study Document
Disney Studios and the Online Streaming war
1
Disney was at its best when it was not just Eisner but rather the triumvirate of Eisner, Wells and Katzenberg. The three … and emotional support along the way as well. This helps to boost other workers’ confidence and get them going in the right direction war becoming self-actualized and performing at a high quality, motivated level. The more that an organization can invest in human capital and enable workers … and sense of what people want. There has already been terrible backlash at the way Disney handled the rollout of the new Star war films after acquiring the brand. Disney needs to do a better job of monitoring performance in this regard and one way to measure … to measure its performance is to assess the fallout on social media, where fans are voicing their opinions of Disney’s take on Star……
References
Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D., Hoffman, A. N., & Bamford, C. E. (2010). Strategic management and business policy. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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… such attacks, considering how far away it is from where terrorist organizations such as Al Qaeda are based. The attacks also initiated America’s war against terrorism, which continues to date. Before the September 11 attacks, Americans had never experienced a large scale terrorist incident within their country’s … resulted in major changes in the United States government’s foreign and domestic security policies. It also led to the government getting into several war and supporting various governments and militias across the world to fight its enemies. This paper reviews some of the key government reactions to … who were directly affected by the attacks felt quite anxious and stressed about terrorism and did not support the country’s continued involvement in war and counter-terrorism operations overseas. Those who felt less secure after the attacks and believed it was highly likely that the country could suffer ……
References
Chanley, V. (2002). Trust in Government in the Aftermath of 9/11: Determinants and Consequences. Political Psychology, 23(3), 469-483. Retrieved May 11, 2020, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3792588
Dugulin, R., & Niglia, A. (2015, May 17). The private sector in the protection of critical infrastructure - GRI. Global Risk Insights. https://globalriskinsights.com/2015/05/the-private-sectors-vital-role-in-the-protection-of-critical-infrastructure/
Gramlich, J. (2018, September 11). Since 9/11, Americans have seen anti-terrorism policy as a top priority. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/11/defending-against-terrorism-has-remained-a-top-policy-priority-for-americans-since-9-11/
Morgan, D. (2019). Homeland Security Research and Development: Homeland Security Issues in the 116th Congress. Current Politics and Economics of the United States, Canada, and Mexico, 21(1), 43-46.
Moteff, J., Copeland, C., & Fischer, J. (2003, January). Critical infrastructures: What makes an infrastructure critical?. Library of Congress Washington DC Congressional Research Service.
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… case is the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA). The stated mission of DIA is “provide intelligence on foreign militaries to prevent and decisively win war” (DIA, 2020). Thus, it is important to note, from the onset, that this particular agency largely concerns itself with not only the gathering, … further points out, it provides key intelligence (foundational) on foreign militaries as well as the operating environment to acquisition leaders, policy makers, and war. DIA is alive to the fact that today, the role that it plays is of greater relevance than it has ever been before. … given that “the re-emergence of great-power competition challenges U.S. prosperity, security, and the democratic world order we have fought to sustain since World war II” (DIA, 2020). It should be noted that in the past, the U.S. has engaged in various war and military conflicts. In these engagements, the U.S. has deployed various……
References
Customs and Border Protection – CBP (2020). About CBP. Retrieved from https://www.cbp.gov/about
Department of Homeland Security – DHD (2016). Section 559 Pilot Program Donations Acceptance. Retrieved from https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Customs%20and%20Border%20Protection%20-%20Section%20559%20Pilot%20Program%20Donations%20Acceptance%20-%20FY%202016.pdf
Defense Intelligence Agency – DIA (2020). Strategy. Retrieved from https://www.dia.mil/About/Strategy/
Keating, T.J. (2011). Joint and National Intelligence Support to Military Operations. Washington, DC: DIANE Publishing.
Office of the Director of National Intelligence (2020). Defense Intelligence Agency. Retrieved from https://www.intelligence.gov/index.php/how-the-ic-works/our-organizations/412-dia
U.S. Government Accountability Office – GAO (2020). U.S. Ports of Entry: Update on CBP Public-Private Partnership Programs. Retrieved from https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/704191.pdf
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… the second such directive the Administration had issued. The Quadrennial Defense Review in 2010 emphasized on how WMD’s proliferation was a threat to global security. In April of the same year, the Administration unclassified the Nuclear Posture Review for the first time and it was released alongside … reduction and eventual elimination of the number of states with nuclear weapons (Mauroni 2010, 58).
The race for nonproliferation started during the Cold war. During the era, conflict theory was relatively rational and enemies were well-defined. After 9/11, concerns about nuclear weapons began shifting from aggressive acts … could take control of some of the stock piles to cause harm. Nevertheless, even though the push for nonproliferation began during the cold war, the regime hasn’t modernized at a rate fast enough to keep up with the growing threats. Counterterrorism and nonproliferation have not yet come … focused on nuclear threats. Indeed,……
References
Busch, Nathan, and Joyner, Daniel (ed). 2009. “Introduction: Nonproliferation at a Crossroads.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of Nonproliferation Policy. Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press.
Reiss, Mitchell. 2009. “Foreword.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of Nonproliferation Policy. Edited by Nathan Busch, and Daniel Joyner. Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press.
Cameron, Gavin, Pate, Jason & Vogel, Kathleen. (2001). “Planting Fear: How Real is the Threat of Agricultural Terrorism?” Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 57(5), 38-44.
Jennings, Elain. 2013. U. S. proliferation policy and the campaign against transnational terror: Linking the U.S. non-proliferation regime to homeland security efforts. Master’s Thesis. Naval Postgraduate School.
Levi, Michael. 2009. “On Nuclear Terrorism.” Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Mauroni, Albert. J. 2010. “A Counter-WMD Strategy for the Future.” Parameters, 58-73.
Ogilvie-White, Tanya. 2008. “Facilitating Implementation of Resolution 1540 in South- East Asia, and the South Pacific.” In Implementing Resolution 1540: The Role of Regional Organizations. Edited by Lawrence Scheinman. New York: United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research.
Pilat Joseph F. 2009. “Dealing with Proliferation and Terrorism.” In Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Future of International Nonproliferation Policy, edited by Nathan E. Busch and Daniel H. Joyner. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.
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… story been made into numerous television shows and films, such as the Netflix series Narcos. Escobar’s story reveals the inherent problem with the war on drugs, and signals the need for change in international drug policy.
Escobar was born on December 1, 1949 in Rionegro, Antioquia. His … Pablo’s godfather. Arbaláez had served as a United Nations delegate and was a “highly respected intellectual,” perhaps the first person to inspire Pablo war positions of power and leadership (Thompson.55). In fact, Arbaláez has been credited with inspiring the teenage Escobar to become politically active, to serve … trade began with cannabis, and then he made a name for himself in cigarette smuggling during what has been since dubbed the “Marlboro war,” (“Pablo Escobar Biography” 1). Escobar played a “high profile role” as a cigarette smuggler, which “proved to be a valuable training ground for ……
Works Cited
Kenney, Michael. “From Pablo to Osama: Counter-terrorism Lessons from the War on Drugs.” (2003). Survival, 45(3), 187–206. doi:10.1080/00396338.2003.9688585
“Pablo Escobar Biography.” Biography.com. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/pablo-escobar
“Pablo Escobar Crime Files.” Crime and Investigation. Accessed 4 Dec, 2019 from https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/crime-files/pablo-escobar
Pobutsky, Aldona Bialowas. “Peddling Pablo: Escobar\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Cultural Renaissance.” Hispania, Vol. 96, No. 4, Dec 2013, pp. 684-689.
Thompson, D. P. (1996). Pablo Escobar, Drug Baron: His surrender, imprisonment, and escape. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 19(1), 1996: 55–91. doi:10.1080/10576109608435996
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