Social Issues Essays (Examples)
Study Document
Criminal Perspectives Social Trait Classical
…
Criminological perspectives explain why people commit crime and why some people are more predisposed to engage in criminal activity than others. The trait, social, and classical/choice perspectives are among the most common criminological perspectives. This text describes the core arguments of these three perspectives and how they … to commit crime, but the risk is higher if they live in disorganized neighborhoods or have a close relative with criminal tendencies.
The social Perspective
The social perspective argues that the predisposition to commit crime is influenced by group characteristics, as well as the social and physical environment (Hagan, 2010). It comprises of social structural theories and social process theories (Hagan, 2010). social structural theories emphasize the effect of neighborhood characteristics such as school drop-out rates, gang activity, unemployment, deteriorating infrastructures, and single-parent homes, which increase … drop-out rates, gang activity, unemployment, deteriorating infrastructures, and single-parent homes, which increase the risk……
References
References
Cole, G., & Smith, C. (2007). Criminal Justice in America (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning.
Hagan, F. E. (2010). Introduction to Criminology: Theory, Methods and Criminal Behavior (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mackenzie, D. L. (2001). Sentencing and Corrections in the 21st century: Setting the Stage for the Future. National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/189106-2.pdf
Siegel, L. J. (2015). Criminology: Theories, Patterns and Typologies (12th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Study Document
Solitary Confinement And Mental Health Issues In Corrections
Functions, issues, and Objectives in Corrections
Introduction
The functions of the historical state correctional system have changed since the founding of the nation more than … first to introduce solitary confinement as a way of removing the deviant element from society. This was part of William Penn’s attempt at social reform, a fundamental characteristic of his Quaker ideals (Fantel, 1974). The goal of Penn’s plan was to promote moral rehabilitation and it was … when Pennsylvania instituted the reform-minded approach to corrections. This paper will look at the functions of the state correctional system, analyze criminal justice issues, examine the impacts of incarceration and social justice issues for one correctional institution and one private institution, identify cultural sensitivity and diversity awareness issues, discuss two methods of alternative sentencing, and evaluate the effectiveness of a correctional institution and a private institution.
Functions
The goals of the … chances for improvement like……
References
References
Clemmer, D. (1940). The prison community. New Braunfels, TX: Christopher Publishing House.
Compton, M. T., Anderson, S., Broussard, B., Ellis, S., Halpern, B., Pauselli, L., . . .Johnson, M. (2017). A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: II. Demonstration of feasibility. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 35(5–6), 492–500. doi:10.1002/bsl.2319
Corrections Arizona Department. (2020). Retrieved from https://corrections.az.gov/location/110/kingman
Dryburgh, M. (2009). Policy implications of whistle-blowing: The case of Corcoran State Prison. Public Integrity, 11(2): 155-170.
Fantel, H. (1974). William Penn: Apostle of Dissent. NY: William Morrow & Co. Florida Department of Corrections. (2020). Retrieved from
https://twitter.com/FL_Corrections/status/1234884340296843266
Hensley, J. & Rough, G. (2011). Kingman prison still under scrutiny. Retrieved from http://archive.azcentral.com/news/articles/2011/01/30/20110130kingman-prison-still-under-scrutiny0130.html
HIV among Incarcerated Populations. (2015). CDC. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/correctional.html
Study Document
Education Law Policy And Social Justice
Education Law Policy and social Justice Mother Tongue Instruction
The population of students receiving their instruction in another language apart from their mother tongue is increasing as a … mother tongue is increasing as a consequence of the increased migration. Indeed, as Bingol (2012) points out, “migration and language are clearly linked issues…. because the language of instruction in the schools is different from the language spoken at home, some arrangements must be done for these … its linguistic aspects. To a large extent, mother tongue should also be conceptualized from the perspective of a child’s cultural as well as social identity. This is the meaning of mother tongue that will be embraced in the context of this discourse.
To a large extent, English … other language skills. This is more so the case given that it serves as a foundation upon which other languages are mastered. The social as……
References
References
Awopetu, A.V. (2016). Impact of Mother Tongue on Children’s Learning Abilities in Early Childhood Classroom. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 23, 58-63.
Busse, V., Cenoz, J., Dalmann, N. & Rogge, F. (2019). Addressing Linguistic Diversity in the Language Classroom in a Resource?Oriented Way: An Intervention Study with Primary School Children. Language Learning.
Bingol, A.S. (2012). Mother tongue instruction policies towards Turkish migrant children in Europe. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 1016-1023.
Mcmahon, T., Griese, E.R. & Kenyon, D.B. (2019). Cultivating Native American scientists: An application of an Indigenous model to an undergraduate research experience. Cultural Studies of Science Education, 14, 77-110.
Ozfidan, B. (2017). Right of Knowing and Using Mother Tongue: A Mixed Method Study. English Language Teaching; 10(12), 15-23.
Peyton, J.K. (2015). Language of Instruction: Research Findings and Program and Instructional Implications. Reconsidering Development, 4(1), 71-79.
Philips, J.S. (2015). The rights of indigenous peoples under international law. Global Bioethics, 26(2), 75-82.
Sahin, I. (2018). A look at mother tongue education in the context of the right to education. Educational Research and Reviews, 13(9), 343-353.
Study Document
Privacy In Social Networks Regarding Machine Learning
Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of privacy in social networks with respect to advances in machine learning. It shows how machine learning protocols have been developed both to enhance and secure privacy … subversion of one another, with one attempting to conceal data and the other attempting to uncover it. This paper concludes with recommendations for social networks and the issue of privacy regarding machine learning.
Introduction
social networks have allowed an ocean of personal data to form that is now sitting there waiting for machine learning algorithms to collect it, … personal data to form that is now sitting there waiting for machine learning algorithms to collect it, analyze it, and recognize individuals on social media (Oh, Benenson, Fritz & Schiele, 2016). Machine learning algorithms are thus being used more and more in social networks to collect data on users and to assess their browsing and personal information—and……
References
References
Balle, B., Gascón, A., Ohrimenko, O., Raykova, M., Schoppmmann, P., & Troncoso, C. (2019, November). PPML\\\\\\\\\\\\'19: Privacy Preserving Machine Learning. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 2717-2718). ACM.
Bilogrevic, I., Huguenin, K., Agir, B., Jadliwala, M., Gazaki, M., & Hubaux, J. P. (2016). A machine-learning based approach to privacy-aware information-sharing in mobile social networks. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 25, 125-142.
Bonawitz, K., Ivanov, V., Kreuter, B., Marcedone, A., McMahan, H. B., Patel, S., ... & Seth, K. (2017, October). Practical secure aggregation for privacy-preserving machine learning. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (pp. 1175-1191). ACM.
Hunt, T., Song, C., Shokri, R., Shmatikov, V., & Witchel, E. (2018). Chiron: Privacy-preserving machine learning as a service. arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.05961.
Lindsey, N. (2019). New Research Study Shows That Social Media Privacy Might Not Be Possible. Retrieved from https://www.cpomagazine.com/data-privacy/new-research-study-shows-that-social-media-privacy-might-not-be-possible/
Mohassel, P., & Zhang, Y. (2017, May). Secureml: A system for scalable privacy-preserving machine learning. In 2017 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP) (pp. 19-38). IEEE.
Mooney, S. J., & Pejaver, V. (2018). Big data in public health: terminology, machine learning, and privacy. Annual review of public health, 39, 95-112.
Oh, S. J., Benenson, R., Fritz, M., & Schiele, B. (2016, October). Faceless person recognition: Privacy implications in social media. In European Conference on Computer Vision (pp. 19-35). Springer, Cham.
Study Document
Counterintelligence Issues Within United States
… intelligence community is overstretched and overtaxed and that counterintelligence is being tasked with too many objectives that are foreign to its mission. The issues identified by Tromblay (2017) are that “the U.S. government has attempted to partner with the private sector on counterintelligence (CI) awareness and response, … US counterintelligence enterprise support collaboration among the various USIC members and the private sector in an ethical and productive manner? To understand the issues and policies of counterintelligence today, it is necessary to identify and evaluate the mistakes and lessons that can be learned from the past … of disinformation, conflicts of interest and corruption. The outcome of this situation was that counterintelligence suffered from a poor culture and various other issues, resulting ultimately in the dismissal of Angleton and an attempt to restart the program. As the program now tries to address the issues of the 21st century, it……
References
Bibliography
2020-2022 National Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States. 2020. Washington, DC: National Counterintelligence and Security Center
Bailey, Christopher and Susan M. Galich. 2012. “Codes of Ethics: The Intelligence Community.” International Journal of Intelligence Ethics 35 (2): 77-99.
Bernardi, Beatrice. 2013. \\\\\\"The Role of Intelligence in the Fight Against International Terrorism: Legal Profiles.\\\\\\" Bachelor\\\\\\'s thesis, Università Ca\\\\\\'Foscari Venezia.
Carson, Thomas L. 2010. Lying and Deception: Theory and Practice. Oxford University Press.
Erskine, Toni. 2004. \\\\\\"\\\\\\'As Rays of Light to the Human Soul\\\\\\'? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering.\\\\\\" Intelligence & National Security 19 (2): 359-381.
Godson, Roy, and James J. Wirtz. 2000. \\\\\\"Strategic denial and deception.\\\\\\" International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence 13 (4): 424-437.
Horkheimer, Max. 1972. Critical Theory. New York: Seabury Press.
Intelligence and National Security Alliance. 2020. Counterintelligence for the 21st Century. Arlington, VA.
Study Document
Ethical Issues Conflicts Of Interest
Ethical issues
Conflicts of Interest
Conflict of interest emerges when an inividual in power uses their position to exploit situations to their advantage. For instance, … of lawyers, incidents in which personal interest comes into conflict with that of the client amount to a conflict of interest(Kindregan, 1976).
Ethical issues related to Conflict of Interest
The executive team in any organization is often faced with issues of ethical nature in complex and conflicting situations. The basis of conflict of interest is the social values structure and the standards of ethics in a given setup. At the same time, some people do not realize that there is ……
References
References
Alterio, E. (2011). From judicial comity to legal comity: A judicial solution to global disorder?I-CON, 9(2), 394-424. doi: 10.1093/icon/mor036
BrainMass. (2019). Correctional officer subculture: Ethics. Retrieved from https://brainmass.com/law/familylaw/correctional-officer-subculture-ethics-165895
Filgueiras, F. (2011).Transparência e controle da corrupção no Brasil. In: Corrupção e sistemapolítico no Brasil, edited by Leonardo Avritzer and Fernando Filgueiras. Rio de Janeiro: CivilizaçãoBrasileira.
Kindregan, C. (1975).Conflict of interest and the lawyer in civil practice. Retrieved from https://scholar.valpo.edu/vulr/vol10/iss3/2
Legal Dictionary. (2018). Conflict of interest. Retrieved from https://legaldictionary.net/conflict-of-interest/
Lilles, H. (2002). Circle sentencing: Part of the restorative justice continuum. IIRP. Retrieved from https://www.iirp.edu/news/circle-sentencing-part-of-the-restorative-justice-continuum
Montes, A., Mears, D., &Conchran, J. (2016). The privatization debate: A conceptual framework for improving (public and private) corrections. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. 32(4). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305418634_The_Privatization_Debate_A_Conceptual_Framework_for_Improving_Public_and_Private_Corrections
Off, C. (1999). How can we trust our fellow citizens? In: Democracy and trust, edited by Mark Warren. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Study Document
Current Issue In Nursing Nursing Shortage
… population with higher rates of chronic versus infectious diseases are all contributing to the need for more nurses, combined with quality of life issues for many nurses. There are also some positive societal shifts, such as an increase in the number of patients with health insurance, which ……
References
References
ANA health care economist Peter McMenamin on the nursing shortage outlook. (2019). Nursing
World. Retrieved from: https://www.nursingworld.org/~4afb8f/globalassets/practiceandpolicy/health-and- safety/rnjobmkt_peterminterview_final_030713.pdf
Bond, D. (2017). Will BSN students consider a future nursing faculty role? Nursing Education Perspectives, 38(1):9–17.
Botha, E., Gwin, & Purpora, C. (2015). The effectiveness of mindfulness based programs in reducing stress experienced by nurses in adult hospital settings: a systematic review of quantitative evidence protocol. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 13(10):21–29. Retrieved from: https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=26571279
Crawford, C. (2019). Addition of Advanced Practice Registered Nurses to the trauma team: An integrated systematic review of literature. Journal of Trauma Nursing. 26(3):141–146,
Gillespie, G. L., Grubb, P. L., Brown, K., Boesch, M. C., & Ulrich, D. (2017). ‘Nurses eat their young:’ A novel bullying educational program for student nurses. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 7(7), 11–21. doi:10.5430/jnep.v7n7P11
Haddad, L.M., Toney-Butler, T.J. (2019). Nursing shortage. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493175/
Nurse staffing crisis. (2019). Nursing World. Retrieved from: https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/nurse-staffing/nurse-staffing-crisis/
Study Document
Legal And Ethical Issues In Healthcare
Legal and Ethical issues in Healthcare
Healthcare ethics have to do with the wide range of moral decisions that have to be made in medical practice. These … as health. Technological advancements in the practice of medicine and healthcare, in general, emerge with their sets of moral dilemmas. Many of such issues arise from developments in genetic knowledge and reproductive health (Taylor, 2015).
The relationship between the patient and the healthcare expert, the human subject … human organs, abortion, euthanasia, and allocation of healthcare resources and services are other areas that present moral dilemmas. In the clarification of moral issues in healthcare provision, and consequently, understood, healthcare quality as it is received and practiced should be improved qualitatively (Taylor, 2015).
There is a … and nonmaleficence, and juxtapose them with professional, ethical codes of conduct. There are many reasons why there is a growing concern over ethical issues in the……
References
References
Chen, Y. Y., Chu, T. S., Kao, Y. H., Tsai, P. R., Huang, T. S., &Ko, W. J. (2014). To evaluate the effectiveness of health care ethics consultation based on the goals of health care ethics consultation: a prospective cohort study with randomization. BMC medical ethics, 15(1), 1.
Morrison, E. E. (2011). Ethics in health administration: a practical approach for decision-makers. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Nora, C. R. D., Deodato, S., Vieira, M. M. D. S., &Zoboli, E. L. C. P. (2016). Elements and strategies for ethical decision-making in nursing. Texto&Contexto-Enfermagem, 25(2).
Reddy, M. S., &Mythri, S. V. (2016). Health-care Ethics and the Free Market Value System. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 38(5), 371–375. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.191387
Taylor, S. C. (2015). Health Care Ethics. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from https://www.iep.utm.edu/h-c-ethi/#H2
Yip, C., Han, N. R., &Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian Journal of anesthesia, 60(9), 684–688. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.190627
Webster, G., Bayliss, F., Rubin, S., &Zoloth, L. (2000). Moral Residue. Margin of Error: The Ethics of Mistakes in the Practice of Medicine. Hagerstown, MD: University Publishing Group.
Study Document
Recruiting And Managing Volunteers For Social Impact Organizations
Start up and Funding Models for social Impact Organizations
Introduction
Volunteers are needed for social impact organizations, which have limited funds and require the efforts, participation, and commitment of volunteer personnel in order to meet organizational goals. To … role must be clearly defined, and every vision clearly articulated. This paper will describe how to manage, motivate and evaluate volunteers in a social impact organization.
Where Volunteers are Needed
Volunteers are a necessary component of any healthy society and community (US Department of Health and Human … it that they will work and dedicate themselves to that vision even without pay. Volunteers are essential workers at every level of the social impact organization because they can bring vital skills, vital manpower, and vital insights and experience.
Recruiting volunteers depends upon the organization’s ability to … can bring vital skills, vital manpower, and vital insights and experience.
Recruiting volunteers depends upon……
References
References
The Economist. (2011). Wikipedia’s fundraising, free but not easy. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/node/21536580
Eisner, D., Grimm Jr, R. T., Maynard, S., & Washburn, S. (2009). The new volunteer workforce. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 7(1), 32-37.
Georgetown University Alumni Career Services. (2016). Effective Volunteer Recruitment & Management Strategies for Non-Profits. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6h4Pk47ymE#action=share
Hager, M.A., & Brudney, J.L. (2004). Volunteer management practices and retention of volunteers. Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/uploadedpdf/411005_volunteermanagement.pdf
Screwvala, T. (2018). How Volunteering can help Change the World. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGtFvOSmZ8A#action=share
Smith, D. H. (1994). Determinants of voluntary association participation and volunteering: A literature review. Nonprofit and voluntary sector quarterly, 23(3), 243-263.
US Department of Health and Human Services. (2005). Successful Strategies for Recruiting, Training, and Utilizing Volunteers. Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/volunteer_handbook.pdf
Study Document
The Militarization Of Social Distancing In America
social into Militarization
Life definitely seems a lot more militarized now that social distancing norms have become common place and the National Guard is doing its part to make sure people are adhering to stay at … East for two decades. We are taught that we are little more than cogs in a machine.
And now just the act of social has been militarized. I cannot hang out with friends without fear of violating some rule that we are supposed to be following. How ……
References
References
Farberov, S. (2020). Moment Idaho mom arrested. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8245221/Idaho-mom-arrested-protesting-coronavirus-lockdown-closed-playground.html
WDRB. (2020). Louisville woman arrested at Kroger for violating self-quarantine order after COVID-19 diagnosis. Retrieved from https://www.wdrb.com/news/louisville-woman-arrested-at-kroger-for-violating-self-quarantine-order-after-covid-19-diagnosis/article_ed19df76-8978-11ea-afd8-33dd85093a5e.html
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